The x86 protection model is notoriously complex, with four privilege rings, segmentation, paging, call gates, task switches, and virtual 8086 mode. What's interesting from a hardware perspective is how the 386 manages this complexity on a 275,000-transistor budget. The 386 employs a variety of techniques to implement protection: a dedicated PLA for protection checking, a hardware state machine for page table walks, segment and paging caches, and microcode for everything else.
prepared by tellers, but actually automate the handling of the checks
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15. Survivor 50: In the Hands of the Fans
公司在近期调研中释放的产品进展，试图为扩产提供支撑：700V高压BCD产品工程阶段取得重大突破，计划2026年释放产能；与芯微泰克合作的1200V背道激光退火超薄片IGBT进入工程批试样。技术突破与扩产规划形成对应，看似具备落地基础，但产能释放与市场需求、客户验证之间的时间差，仍然具备不确定性。
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